Age-related differences in visual P300 ERP during dual-task postural balance

Standing and concurrently performing a cognitive task is a very common situation in everyday life. It is associated with a higher risk of falling in the elderly. Here, we aim at evaluating the differences of the P300 evoked potential elicited by a visual oddball paradigm between healthy younger (< 35 y) and older (> 64 y) adults during a simultaneous postural task. We found that P300 latency increases significantly (p < 0.001) when the elderly are engaged in more challenging postural tasks; younger adults show no effect of balance condition. Our results demonstrate that, even if the elderly have the same accuracy in odd stimuli detection as younger adults do, they require a longer processing time for stimulus discrimination. This finding suggests an increased attentional load which engages additional cerebral reserves.