Background: In natural environment S. cerevisiae species occur at extremely low number on healthy undamaged berries. Recently few studies on yeast population biology revealed the presence of S. cerevisiae strains in alternative niches different from fermenting fruits, such as bark of oak and other trees. Exploring the biodiversity of indigenous S. cerevisiae strains can be an important contribution towards the understanding and selection of strains with non-conventional phenotypic traits. Objectives: This work was aimed at evaluating S.cerevisiae strain biodiversity in vineyard of Tocai friulano, a traditional grape variety cultivated in north-east of Italy. S.cerevisiae strains have been isolated through the fermentation of single grape bunches and grapevine bark portions in synthetic must. By means of genetic analysis the two S.cerevisiae population structure were obtained. Methods: S. cerevisiae colonies isolated during fermentation of single grape bunches and grapevine bark portions in synthetic must were identified by multiplex PCR and afterwards, mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis (mtDNA-RFLP) was performed to cluster the isolates at strain level. Moreover a genetic typing by means of 18 microsatellites loci was performed for studying yeasts population and biogeographical distribution. Conclusions: The results obtained from grapevine bark revealed a higher yeasts biodiversity with respect to grape bunches. Bark could be considered a natural ecological niche that preserves and promotes yeast biodiversity throughout the year, since bunches are present only for few months. Moreover microsatellites typing confirmed to be a powerful tool to determine genetic relationships and geographical distribution of indigenous S. cerevisiae strains.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE STRAINS ISOLATED FROM GRAPE AND GRAPEVINE BARK
VIEL, ALESSIA;BOVO, BARBARA;CARLOT, MILENA;LOMBARDI, ANGIOLELLA;GIACOMINI, ALESSIO;CORICH, VIVIANA
2013
Abstract
Background: In natural environment S. cerevisiae species occur at extremely low number on healthy undamaged berries. Recently few studies on yeast population biology revealed the presence of S. cerevisiae strains in alternative niches different from fermenting fruits, such as bark of oak and other trees. Exploring the biodiversity of indigenous S. cerevisiae strains can be an important contribution towards the understanding and selection of strains with non-conventional phenotypic traits. Objectives: This work was aimed at evaluating S.cerevisiae strain biodiversity in vineyard of Tocai friulano, a traditional grape variety cultivated in north-east of Italy. S.cerevisiae strains have been isolated through the fermentation of single grape bunches and grapevine bark portions in synthetic must. By means of genetic analysis the two S.cerevisiae population structure were obtained. Methods: S. cerevisiae colonies isolated during fermentation of single grape bunches and grapevine bark portions in synthetic must were identified by multiplex PCR and afterwards, mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis (mtDNA-RFLP) was performed to cluster the isolates at strain level. Moreover a genetic typing by means of 18 microsatellites loci was performed for studying yeasts population and biogeographical distribution. Conclusions: The results obtained from grapevine bark revealed a higher yeasts biodiversity with respect to grape bunches. Bark could be considered a natural ecological niche that preserves and promotes yeast biodiversity throughout the year, since bunches are present only for few months. Moreover microsatellites typing confirmed to be a powerful tool to determine genetic relationships and geographical distribution of indigenous S. cerevisiae strains.
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