Toward a unified framework for determining conformational ensembles of disordered proteins

Disordered proteins play essential roles in myriad cellular processes, yet their structural characterization remains a major challenge due to their dynamic and heterogeneous nature. Here we present a community-driven initiative to address this problem by advocating a unified framework for determining conformational ensembles of disordered proteins. Our aim is to integrate state-of-the-art experimental techniques with advanced computational methods, including knowledge-based sampling, enhanced molecular dynamics and machine learning models. The modular framework comprises three interconnected components: experimental data acquisition, computational ensemble generation and validation. The systematic development of this framework will ensure the accurate and reproducible determination of conformational ensembles of disordered proteins. We highlight the open challenges necessary to achieve this goal, including force-field accuracy, efficient sampling, and environmental dependence, advocating for collaborative benchmarking and standardized protocols.