The Golden Modulation for Massive IoT

Massive access for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a hot research topic for current and future systems, such as 6G. The main contribution of this paper is the design and evaluation of a novel set of waveforms, called Golden Modulation (GM), which departs conceptually from linear frequency modulated signals, e.g., as used in LoRa, and allows a huge increase in the number of parallel channels, compared to the state of the art mentioned above. The basic modulation principles relying on spectrum spreading via direct Zadoff-Chu sequence modulation are presented. The multiuser interference level is evaluated and shown to be small, even under uncoordinated conditions. Overall, GM paves the way for the deployment of Low Power Wide Area Networks with truly massive capacity, or for the upgrade of existing ones.