Non-destructive investigations for structural qualification of the Sarno Baths, Pompeii

A series of non-destructive techniques were applied to the masonry building of the Sarno Baths in Pompeii, Italy, aimed at improving knowledge of the condition of the site, to integrate and identify its construction and to provide data for structural evaluations. In particular: i) the current conditions of the various masonry types were identified through sonic pulse velocity tests and tomographic processing; ii) inner cross-sections were reconstructed by videoscope and, where possible, by direct measurements; iii) infrared thermography was applied to qualify the connections among structural elements (i.e., walls, vaults) and to detect any structural anomalies; iv) the dynamic properties of the structure were identified by ambient vibration tests. None of the tests required any sampling, drilling or damage to the historical materials, and no forces were imposed on the structures. In the view of the preservation and usability of the site, integration of the above tests with the results obtained by the other experts involved in the project contributed to better understanding of the current state of the structure and its possible evolution in terms of seismic vulnerability.