White children's alignment to the perceived racial attitudes of the parents: Closer to the mother than the father

In this study, in which 4–7-year-olds participated (N = 58), we analysed the relationship between White children’s racial attitudes and their perceptions of parental expectations and racial attitudes. Overall, the children showed a strong in-group preference in their choice of playmates and in the attribution of positive and negative traits to White and Black peers. In addition, children reported the belief that parents would be happier if they played with a White rather than a Black child. Finally, children anticipated that parents would also display racial biases. Most importantly, we found that children’s attitudes were strongly correlated with the perceived expectations and attitudes of the mothers but not the fathers. This result further supports the idea that mothers’ attitudes might be more relevant than fathers’ attitudes in the formation of racial attitudes among children.