Evaluating Mobility as a Service solutions: implementation of a Fuzzy Delphi Analytic Hierarchy Process

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an innovative mobility ecosystem that should be designed so that societal and sustainability goals can be achieved. Therefore, a sound procedure to assess the sustainability level of MaaS is of paramount importance to design a new service and evaluate the characteristics of existing MaaS options. The aim of this work is to develop and implement an evaluation framework of MaaS systems, considering various assessment criteria, i.e., equity, social inclusion, safety, environmental issues, potential service users, economic sustainability for business and the performance of the transportation system. The paper describes the implementation of a Delphi approach integrated with Fuzzy Sets theory, providing input data for a subsequent Analytic Hierarchy Process. Input data for the Fuzzy Delphi was obtained from a panel of experts, representing different perspectives and needs: users, transportation service providers, local authorities, and researchers. The results allowed to define the most important indicators to be considered in evaluating a MaaS solution. The analysis at the group level allowed to shed light on the priorities associated by each stakeholder type. Specifically, equity was found to be a target mostly for local authorities and users. Users were more focused on the characteristics of the service for an effective final use of MaaS. According with all groups except users, safety and environmental issues seemed not to be achievable objectives for a MaaS service.