Blockchain-Based Digital Battery Passports for EU Regulation Compliance

The new Battery Regulation from the EU requires the use of Digital Battery Passports (DBPs) in order to improve transparency, sustainability, and circularity in the battery lifespan. In order to enable dynamic, impenetrable updates, this study introduces a novel blockchain-based architecture specifically designed for DBPs. It integrates smart contracts with IoT-enabled battery monitoring. Our solution integrates real-time IoT sensor data, which enables continuous verification of battery health, consumption, and environmental conditions, in contrast to conventional static record systems. The Proposed solution is built on top of Hyper ledger Fabric, a permission block chain technology that works well in business and government settings. Data sharing between authorized stakeholders is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)-aligned to private data channels, while smart contracts manage lifecycle events like recycling and compliance checks. Secure traceability, improved data integrity, and automatic compliance validation are all demonstrated by the prototype’s testing on a simulated battery supply chain. As required by EU law (EU 2023/1542), our results provide a scalable basis for the industrial deployment of DBPs.