Pathogenic interplay between markedly elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and prothrombotic mechanisms: a case report

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established genetic risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, though its role as a prothrombotic risk factor remains only partially understood. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with markedly elevated Lp(a) levels (925 nmol/L, reference range < 105 nmol/L) and a history of recurrent major cardiovascular events, despite optimal lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapies. We confirmed a hypercoagulable profile via comprehensive functional assessment of hemostasis: enhanced thrombin generation, reduced sensitivity to thrombomodulin, platelet hyperreactivity, and increased clot firmness at thromboelastometry - with residual platelet activity despite antiplatelet treatment. This case suggests a possible association between markedly elevated plasma Lp(a) levels and a hypercoagulable profile, which may enhance atherogenesis. Global coagulation and platelet function assays may help identify high-risk patients with elevated Lp(a) levels who may benefit from tailored antithrombotic strategies.