Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor of Crohn's disease (CD) postoperative recurrence; however, the effect of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco (HNBT) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of e-cigarettes and HNBT on postoperative recurrence in patients with CD.
The Impact of E-Cigarettes and Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco on Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter International Study
Bertin Luisa;Savarino Edoardo;
2025
Abstract
Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor of Crohn's disease (CD) postoperative recurrence; however, the effect of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco (HNBT) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of e-cigarettes and HNBT on postoperative recurrence in patients with CD.
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