The oviduct is far more than a passive conduit for gametes and plays an active and dynamic role in sperm selection, capacitation, fertilization, and embryonic development. Despite major improvements in in vitro production (IVP) systems, they still fail to recapitulate this environment, resulting in reduced embryo quality and developmental disorders contributing to aberrant outcomes such as large offspring syndrome and epigenetic drift. These lacks underscore the critical importance of mimicking the physiological conditions that embryos experience in vivo. This work explores the role of the oviduct in fertilization and early embryo development and highlights emerging techniques aimed at reproducing its intricate architecture and dynamic interactions.
MIMICKING NATURAL CONDITIONS TO RESOLVE IN VITRO PRODUCTION (IVP) SIDE EFFECTS
Enrico Dalle Palle
;Calogero Stelletta
2025
Abstract
The oviduct is far more than a passive conduit for gametes and plays an active and dynamic role in sperm selection, capacitation, fertilization, and embryonic development. Despite major improvements in in vitro production (IVP) systems, they still fail to recapitulate this environment, resulting in reduced embryo quality and developmental disorders contributing to aberrant outcomes such as large offspring syndrome and epigenetic drift. These lacks underscore the critical importance of mimicking the physiological conditions that embryos experience in vivo. This work explores the role of the oviduct in fertilization and early embryo development and highlights emerging techniques aimed at reproducing its intricate architecture and dynamic interactions.
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