Heat transfer enhancement in latent thermal energy storage unit

One of the critical limitations of phase change materials (PCMs) is their inherently low thermal conductivity. This restricts their heat transfer ability, contributing to prolonged charging and discharging times. These extended times pose a substantial obstacle to the widespread adoption of this technology. The present study aims to enhance the heat transfer process between the PCM and secondary fluid in a latent thermal energy storage (LTES) unit by incorporating specific fins. In the present work, two units, one with fins and one without, were developed and experimentally assessed using a PCM with a melting/solidification temperature of around 43°C. The overall objective is to create modular thermal batteries. The results showed superior heat transfer performance in the finned LTES unit compared to the finless unit. The PCM within the finned unit exhibited a faster melting rate, reducing the time required for heat storage. Finally, the experimental results were analysed and interpreted using an LTES unit model, which can be employed to optimize fin design.