Flavescence dor & eacute;e is a quarantine disease belonging to Grapevine Yellows and affecting European vineyards. It is associated with a phytoplasma primarily transmitted by Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) but possibly involving other vectors like Orientus ishidae (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Flavescence dor & eacute;e-phytoplasma can be transmitted by vectors developed in vineyards and/or by vectors colonizing vineyards from outside (eg neglected vineyards, American vines growing in hedgerows or woody vegetation as well as broad-leaf species occurring at vineyard margins). The role of American vines (derived from Vitis spp. and commonly used as rootstocks) as a source of infective S. titanus is known. In contrast, the risk from broad-leaf trees hosting both O. ishidae and Flavescence dor & eacute;e phytoplasma remains debated. The potential contribution of woody vegetation as a source of S. titanus and O. ishidae was studied in the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons in a vine-growing area of north-eastern Italy involved in serious Flavescence dor & eacute;e outbreaks. Four vineyards adjacent to woody vegetation were examined. Results showed that the spatial distribution of S. titanus was more influenced by neighboring vineyards with high vector populations than by adjacent woody vegetation. In many cases, O. ishidae specimens were common along the borders of vineyards adjacent to woody vegetation. The spatial distributions of S. titanus nymphs and adults were related in the same growing season, and this pattern was confirmed considering adults in 2021 and nymphs in 2022. Additionally, the spatial distribution of Grapevine Yellows-symptomatic vines in 2022 was related to the presence of S. titanus but not to that of O. ishidae. Therefore, in the vine-growing area studied, Flavescence dor & eacute;e outbreaks did not appear to be influenced by the surrounding vegetation or the colonization of O. ishidae.
Does woody vegetation influence the spatial distribution of Scaphoideus titanus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Flavescence dorée in vineyards? Analysis of 4 case studies in north-eastern Italy
Prazaru, Stefan C
;D'Ambrogio, Lisa;Duso, Carlo
2025
Abstract
Flavescence dor & eacute;e is a quarantine disease belonging to Grapevine Yellows and affecting European vineyards. It is associated with a phytoplasma primarily transmitted by Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) but possibly involving other vectors like Orientus ishidae (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Flavescence dor & eacute;e-phytoplasma can be transmitted by vectors developed in vineyards and/or by vectors colonizing vineyards from outside (eg neglected vineyards, American vines growing in hedgerows or woody vegetation as well as broad-leaf species occurring at vineyard margins). The role of American vines (derived from Vitis spp. and commonly used as rootstocks) as a source of infective S. titanus is known. In contrast, the risk from broad-leaf trees hosting both O. ishidae and Flavescence dor & eacute;e phytoplasma remains debated. The potential contribution of woody vegetation as a source of S. titanus and O. ishidae was studied in the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons in a vine-growing area of north-eastern Italy involved in serious Flavescence dor & eacute;e outbreaks. Four vineyards adjacent to woody vegetation were examined. Results showed that the spatial distribution of S. titanus was more influenced by neighboring vineyards with high vector populations than by adjacent woody vegetation. In many cases, O. ishidae specimens were common along the borders of vineyards adjacent to woody vegetation. The spatial distributions of S. titanus nymphs and adults were related in the same growing season, and this pattern was confirmed considering adults in 2021 and nymphs in 2022. Additionally, the spatial distribution of Grapevine Yellows-symptomatic vines in 2022 was related to the presence of S. titanus but not to that of O. ishidae. Therefore, in the vine-growing area studied, Flavescence dor & eacute;e outbreaks did not appear to be influenced by the surrounding vegetation or the colonization of O. ishidae.
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