Evaluation of Traditional Plastic Supports Versus Bio-Compostable Material for Vertical Crops

Annually, global plastic production exceeds 390 million tons, with approximately 12 tons allocated for agricultural purposes. Plastics, including polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), and polypropylene (PP), have become indispensable in several agricultural activities such as mulching, protective crop coverings, and storage. While the use of plastic has significantly benefited agriculture, it has also led to an increase in plastic waste and environmental pollution. To address these environmental challenges, it is crucial to adopt a comprehensive approach that includes proper collection, efficient disposal, and effective recycling processes for plastics after use. An alternative strategy involves replacing traditional plastic materials with biodegradable ones. This study focuses on the potential use of a bio-compostable thread for tying and supporting tomatoes and other crops in vertical cultivation. In vertical crops greenhouses, strings are essential components used throughout the cultivation cycle. The disposal of large quantities of plastic twines poses a significant problem at the end of these crop cycles. An evaluation was conducted to explore the feasibility of replacing plastic twines with more environmentally friendly alternatives. The proposed substitute is a woolen yarn crafted from waste wool. Initial findings on its resistance and sustainability support this hypothesis. Further analyses will be conducted to assess its durability and overall feasibility. However, promoting more sustainable use of plastics in agriculture fundamentally relies on social and economic incentives, as well as education and training.