A Limping Militant Democracy, Sanctioning Neo-Fascist Demonstration in Italy

In contrast to Germany, which has a broader protection system, “militant” anti-extremism in Italy is articulated in two major areas: the criminalization of fascism apologia and the banning of political movements that refer to fascism. Moreover, in Italy, unlike Germany, banning formal parties (and not just political groups) is still a controversial issue although the Constitution, at least in theory, would ad-mit its feasibility. There is no precedent. Although the legal regulation of the aforementioned instruments differs in some respects from the German system,one thing is certain: to some extent and under certain conditions, Italy can also be described as a militant democracy.