Legal Science and Computer Science: A Preliminary Discussion on How to Represent the “Penumbra” Cone with AI

Legal science encounters significant challenges with the widespread integration of AI software across various legal operations. The distinction between signs, senses, and references from a linguistic point of view, as drawn by Gottlob Frege at the end of the 19th century, underscores the complexity of legal language, especially in multilingual contexts like the European Union. In this paper, we describe the problems of legal terminology, examining the “penumbra” problem through Herbert Hart's legal theory of meaning. We also analyze the feasibility of training automatic systems to handle conflicts between different interpretations of legal norms, particularly in multilingual legal systems. By examining the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence on traditional legal practices, this research contributes to the theoretical discussion about the exploration of innovative methodologies for simplifying complex terminologies without compromising meaning.