Crustal Structure of Etna Volcano (Italy) From P‐Wave Anisotropic Tomography

Several seismic tomographic studies have been carried out to outline the intricate interplay between tectonics and magma uprising at Etna volcano. Most of these studies assume a seismically isotropic crust. Here we employ a novel methodology that accounts for the anisotropic structure of the crust. Anisotropy patterns are consistent with the Etna structural trends, unveiling the depth extent of fault segments. A high-velocity volume, deepening toward the northwest, identifies the subducting foreland units that appear to confine a low-velocity anomaly, interpreted as the expression of magmatic fluids within the crust. A discontinuity, likely tectonic in origin, affects the subducting units and allows magma transfer from depth to the surface. This structural configuration may explain the presence of such a very active basaltic strato-volcano within an atypical collisional geodynamic context.[In our study, we investigate the complex relationship between tectonics and magma ascent at Etna volcano. Unlike previous research, we consider the anisotropic nature of the crust, meaning its properties vary depending on direction. Using our innovative methodology, we have uncovered patterns aligned with Etna fault segments, revealing their depth and distribution. We have identified the presence of magma fluids within the crust and potential pathways for its uprising. Our results provides an explanation for the emplacement of the very active Etna basaltic volcano within an unusual collisional geodynamic setting.]This study conducts the first P-wave anisotropic tomography using local earthquakes recorded in the area of Etna volcano The tomography resolves three-dimensional (3D) isotropic and anisotropic structures beneath the volcano Anisotropy reveals geological features providing valuable insights into the interplay between tectonic deformation and volcanic activity