Assottigliamento e perforazioni della mucosa sinusale conseguente al rialzo di seno mascellare con differenti xenografts. Un' analisi istologica nei conigli.

Background: Experimental studies have shown a progressive thinning and perforations associated to sharpen edges and the cutting projections of grafts used simultaneously to maxillary sinus augmentation. Hence, the aim of the present experiment was to evaluate the damaging effects of granules of bovine xenografts of different conformations on the sinus mucosa after sinus augmentation. Methods: Twenty New Zealand rabbits received a bilateral sinus lifting using as fillers two different types of deproteinized bovine bone in granules, one processed at low temperature (low-T group), and the other at high temperature (high-T group). Thinned mucosa sites (<40 µm) and perforations were evaluated at the sinus mucosa in contact with graft granules after 2 and 10 weeks, in ten animals each period. Results: After 2 weeks of healing, the number of thinned mucosa sites were 118 in the low-T group, and 149 in the high-T group (p=0.191). At the 10-week assessment, the thinned sites increased to 237 and 195 sites, respectively. The number of sinus mucosa perforations after 2 weeks was 8 and 3 in the low-T and high-T groups, respectively. At the 10-week evaluation, the perforations increased to 19 in the low-T group, and to 14 in the high-Y group. Conclusions: The contact with bovine xenografts yielded thinning and perforations of the sinus mucosa. Despite the differences in characteristics and dimensions, no differences were found between the two xenografts in number of thinning mucosa sites and perforations. However, a trend of more events was found at the low-T compared to the high-T groups.