08 TESI DI DOTTORATO

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ARCHAEOMETRIC STUDIES ON ITALIAN METAL ARTIFACTS FROM FINAL COPPER AGE TO EARLY IRON AGE

Despite being of considerable interest, a systematic research program capable of defining the circulation routes of metals (Cu and Pb) by applying chemical and Pb isotopic analyses has never been conducted in Southern Italy. This research considered several contexts in Campania (Acerra) and Sicily (Cannatello, Milena, Ribera, and Sant'Angelo Muxaro), dating from the BA to the BF (2300-925 BC). This was then extended to contexts in Northern Italy located in Veneto, dating from the RF to the BA...

Use of the mineralized phase in cements: mechanisms of interaction between the components and the long-term cement and alternative uses to SCM

Concrete is the second most used material, only after water. The main carbon dioxide emissions related to concrete production are related to the calcination process of limestone, including silica-alumina rich minerals. These materials must be burned around 1450°C to obtain clinker, including also calcium sulphate minerals for having cement. Portland cement production accounts for 7-8% of the global emissions. To mitigate the carbon footprint of cement, several strategies were proposed. These...

Studio computazionale su ensembl di proteine come potenziali nuovi bersagli farmacologici.

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) play essential roles in cellular regulation, signaling, and molecular recognition. Un- like globular proteins, their biological function arises from dynamic conformational ensembles rather than from a single well-defined three-dimensional structure. Accu- rately representing and interpreting these ensembles therefore represents a central challenge in modern structural biology. This thesis addresses this chall...

Perinatal brain injury impacts on motor and cognitive development, muscle structure, and gut composition, with functional improvement following gut-targeted interventions

Perinatal ischemic stroke is an early developmental brain injury caused by the obstruction of cerebral blood vessels. It is the leading cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive disabilities in survivors, and progress in unraveling its impact on the brain and other systems, aka the development of new effective therapies, has been limited, in part due to the scarcity of preclinical models. Here, we induced ischemic stroke in mice at perinatal age, and we studied the impact in and outside the brain...

"Targeting MICU2 and PDK4 to counteract skeletal muscle atrophy" and "Screening and characterization of mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitors"

This PhD thesis comprises two projects. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of mtCa²⁺ signalling in skeletal muscle homeostasis through RNA-based approaches and to explore pharmacological modulation of mtCa²⁺ uptake using selective mtCa²⁺ modulators. Project 1 aims to preserve skeletal muscle mass by targeting two complementary regulators of mitochondrial function: mtCa²⁺ uptake, via silencing of the MCU gatekeeper MICU2, and metabolic flux into the TCA cycle, via silencing of PDK4. Using sh...

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