Per-Phase Power Controller for Smooth Islanded Transitions in Three-Phase Three-Wire Systems

This manuscript describes the operation of a droop-based controller for three-phase converters in the case of the absence of a neutral connection to the grid. The controller is capable of output power tracking and smooth transitions into the islanded operation. While independent per-phase control of the converter output power is possible if a neutral connection is present, its absence implies additional constraints to be considered. Focusing on this latter case, the controller described herein allows the independent control of the active power at the output of each phase of the converter and a smooth transition to the islanded operation. These features are paramount in future smart power systems, such as smart microgrids, for implementing demand–response, power-flow management, and uninterrupted power operation.