This work proposes an overall reading of Elsa Morante's work in the light of her last novel, Aracoeli (1982). Aracoeli consequently occupies a central, though not exclusive, position in the essay. The objectives are in fact multiple: to conduct an in-depth critical investigation of what remains Morante's least studied novel; to re-evaluate the author's poetic project as a whole; to focus on Morante's peculiar solution to the question of the novel in the second half of the twentieth century and the political-cultural reflection that substantiates it. The paper is structured in three chapters, which progressively widen the range of observation. They are preceded by an introduction, through which the main coordinates of Morante's critical reception are identified, with respect to which this study is positioned. Methodologically, we have chosen to focus on texts and processes of interpretation, moving away from the dominant tendencies of Morante's criticism (biographism, gender studies, philological approach). The aim is to highlight the ambiguity (in terms of content and form) of a novel like Aracoeli - and consequently of Morante's entire production - in contrast to the highly polarised readings (negative or positive) that have been given of this novel. The first chapter consequently conducts a figural reading of Aracoeli. After specifying the theoretical background of reference (Francesco Orlando), reversibility is identified as the figura dell' inventio capable of illuminating the overall sense of the work. The functioning of the relationships of reversibility is then investigated in its reproduction in a series of concrete figures: buildings, bodies and history. The mobility of these figures becomes the expression of an ambiguous vision of the world, in which the antithetical polarities tend to reveal themselves as similar and to overturn each other. The second and third chapters extend the frame to Morante's entire production, focusing on two fundamental elements of his way of conceiving the novel: character and plot. Reversibility, as the co-presence and overturning of opposites, can in some way also explain the oscillation that makes Morante's treatment of these narratological categories indefinable. Indeed, critics have often been divided on them: some identifying their nineteenth-century character, others, on the contrary, claiming their twentieth-century modernity. These two aspects are the focus of the aesthetic question concerning Morante's art, which we attempt to answer by hypothesising the writer's ability to hold together and go beyond the opposite poles of realism and modernism. The last chapter of this work is devoted to Morante's conception of literature, focusing on the popular novel. The objective of the popular novel seems in fact to motivate the series of compromises to which Morante's novelistic art is subjected, going to the heart of its ambiguity and specificity. This political-cultural project, in which Morante seems to invest the novel form, is investigated through some theoretical mediations (Bachtin, Pasolini, Gramsci), but above all by comparing with the essays of the author and the reviews on cinema written for a radio program of RAI in the fifties. Aracoeli, which seems to belie the project of a popular novel, is on the contrary considered the extreme proof of a form that exposes itself to the world.
Questo lavoro propone una rilettura complessiva dell’opera di Elsa Morante alla luce del suo ultimo romanzo, Aracoeli (1982). Aracoeli occupa di conseguenza una posizione centrale all’interno del saggio, seppur non esclusiva. Gli obiettivi sono infatti plurimi: condurre un’indagine critica approfondita su quello che rimane il romanzo meno studiato di Morante; rivalutare nel suo complesso il progetto poetico autoriale; mettere al centro la peculiare soluzione morantiana alla questione del romanzo nel Secondo Novecento e la riflessione politico-culturale che la sostanzia. L’elaborato si struttura in tre capitoli, i quali vanno progressivamente ampliando il raggio di osservazione. Li precede un’introduzione, attraverso la quale si identificano le principali coordinate della ricezione critica di Morante, rispetto cui questo studio si posiziona. Metodologicamente si è scelto di mettere al centro i testi e i processi di interpretazione, allontanandosi dalle tendenze dominanti della critica morantiana (il biografismo, gli studi di genere, l’approccio filologico). L’obiettivo è mettere in risalto l’ambiguità (contenutistica e formale) di un romanzo come Aracoeli – e di riflesso dell’intera produzione morantiana – in controtendenza con le letture fortemente polarizzate (in negativo o in positivo) che sono state date di questo romanzo. Il primo capitolo conduce di conseguenza una lettura figurale di Aracoeli. Dopo aver specificato il retroterra teorico di riferimento (Francesco Orlando), si identifica nella reversibilità la figura dell’inventio in grado di illuminare il senso complessivo dell’opera. Il funzionamento dei rapporti di reversibilità viene quindi indagato nel suo riprodursi in una serie di figure concrete: edifici, corpi e storia. La mobilità di queste figure si fa espressione di una visione del mondo ambigua, in cui le polarità antitetiche tendono a rivelarsi simili e a rovesciarsi l’una nell’altra. Il secondo e il terzo capitolo allargano l’inquadratura all’intera produzione morantiana, focalizzando l’attenzione su due elementi fondamentali del suo modo di concepire il romanzo: il personaggio e la trama. La reversibilità, come compresenza e rovesciamento di opposti, può in qualche modo spiegare anche l’oscillazione che rende indefinibile il trattamento di queste categorie narratologiche da parte di Morante, sulle quali, infatti, la critica si è spesso divisa: chi identificandone il carattere ottocentesco, chi, al contrario, rivendicandone la modernità novecentesca. Su questi due aspetti si concentra, quindi, la questione estetica attorno all’arte morantiana, a cui si tenta di rispondere ipotizzando la capacità di questa scrittrice di tenere assieme, e andare oltre, i poli opposti del realismo e del modernismo. Alla concezione di letteratura di Morante si è voluto dedicare l’ultimo capitolo di questo lavoro, incentrato sul romanzo popolare. L’obiettivo del romanzo popolare sembra infatti motivare la serie di compromessi cui si sottopone l’arte romanzesca morantiana, ponendosi al cuore della sua ambiguità e specificità. Questo progetto politico-culturale, di cui Morante sembrerebbe investire la forma romanzo, viene indagato attraverso alcune mediazioni teoriche (Bachtin, Pasolini, Gramsci), ma soprattutto confrontandosi con i saggi d’autrice e le recensioni sul cinema scritte per un programma radiofonico della RAI negli anni Cinquanta. Aracoeli, che pare smentire il progetto di un romanzo popolare, viene al contrario considerato la prova estrema di una forma che si espone al mondo.
Figure della reversibilità. "Aracoeli" e il romanzo in Morante / Giroletti, Stefania. - (2022 Apr 05).
Figure della reversibilità. "Aracoeli" e il romanzo in Morante
GIROLETTI, STEFANIA
2022
Abstract
This work proposes an overall reading of Elsa Morante's work in the light of her last novel, Aracoeli (1982). Aracoeli consequently occupies a central, though not exclusive, position in the essay. The objectives are in fact multiple: to conduct an in-depth critical investigation of what remains Morante's least studied novel; to re-evaluate the author's poetic project as a whole; to focus on Morante's peculiar solution to the question of the novel in the second half of the twentieth century and the political-cultural reflection that substantiates it. The paper is structured in three chapters, which progressively widen the range of observation. They are preceded by an introduction, through which the main coordinates of Morante's critical reception are identified, with respect to which this study is positioned. Methodologically, we have chosen to focus on texts and processes of interpretation, moving away from the dominant tendencies of Morante's criticism (biographism, gender studies, philological approach). The aim is to highlight the ambiguity (in terms of content and form) of a novel like Aracoeli - and consequently of Morante's entire production - in contrast to the highly polarised readings (negative or positive) that have been given of this novel. The first chapter consequently conducts a figural reading of Aracoeli. After specifying the theoretical background of reference (Francesco Orlando), reversibility is identified as the figura dell' inventio capable of illuminating the overall sense of the work. The functioning of the relationships of reversibility is then investigated in its reproduction in a series of concrete figures: buildings, bodies and history. The mobility of these figures becomes the expression of an ambiguous vision of the world, in which the antithetical polarities tend to reveal themselves as similar and to overturn each other. The second and third chapters extend the frame to Morante's entire production, focusing on two fundamental elements of his way of conceiving the novel: character and plot. Reversibility, as the co-presence and overturning of opposites, can in some way also explain the oscillation that makes Morante's treatment of these narratological categories indefinable. Indeed, critics have often been divided on them: some identifying their nineteenth-century character, others, on the contrary, claiming their twentieth-century modernity. These two aspects are the focus of the aesthetic question concerning Morante's art, which we attempt to answer by hypothesising the writer's ability to hold together and go beyond the opposite poles of realism and modernism. The last chapter of this work is devoted to Morante's conception of literature, focusing on the popular novel. The objective of the popular novel seems in fact to motivate the series of compromises to which Morante's novelistic art is subjected, going to the heart of its ambiguity and specificity. This political-cultural project, in which Morante seems to invest the novel form, is investigated through some theoretical mediations (Bachtin, Pasolini, Gramsci), but above all by comparing with the essays of the author and the reviews on cinema written for a radio program of RAI in the fifties. Aracoeli, which seems to belie the project of a popular novel, is on the contrary considered the extreme proof of a form that exposes itself to the world.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Figure della reversibilit?.pdf
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