The main aim of this thesis was to integrate phenotypes and genomic DNA sequencing data using innovative bioinformatics pipelines to identify molecular markers associated with resistance to bolting, Cercospora beticola, and Rhizoctonia solani in Beta vulgaris L. The selected markers were further validated using molecular biology approaches. The introduction of the thesis covers the origin and domestication of sugar beets, and a briefing on breeding perspectives of resistance to (i) bolting, (ii) Cercospora, and (iii) Rhizoctonia. In the first contribution of the thesis, molecular markers associated with bolting resistance were identified by (a) phenotyping 13 sugar beet lines after autumnal sowing, (b) restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of the line with the lowest bolting percentage, (c) establishing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify favourable alleles related to low bolting tendency, and (d) validating the identified molecular markers using genotyping methods on sugar beet lines and varieties. In the second contribution, the goal was to correlate endophytic bacterial abundance as a predictive factor associated with susceptibility or resistance to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) with the purpose to exclusively assist selection in sugar beet breeding programs. To achieve this, the bacterial endophytic content of sea beet, the wild progenitor of sugar beet was analysed including both CLS-symptomatic and symptomatic individuals using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. In the third contribution, we report the discovery and validation of a molecular marker associated with Rhizoctonia resistance. Firstly, we carried out restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of sugar beet materials with different degrees of resistance/susceptibility to Rhizoctonia. Subsequently, the bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing data resulted in the identification of loci associated with Rhizoctonia resistance.
L'obiettivo principale della tesi è stato quello di integrare dati fenotipici e di sequenziamento del DNA genomico utilizzando pipeline bioinformatiche innovative per l'identificazione di marcatori molecolari associati alla resistenza alla prefioritura, alla Cercospora beticola e alla Rhizoctonia solani in Beta vulgaris L. I marcatori selezionati sono stati ulteriormente validati utilizzando approcci di biologia molecolare. L'introduzione della tesi riguarda l'origine e la domesticazione della Beta vulgaris L. e un briefing sulle prospettive del miglioramento genetico per la resistenza alla (i) prefioritura, (ii) alla Cercospora e (iii) alla Rhizoctonia. Nel primo contributo della tesi, i marcatori molecolari associati alla resistenza alla prefioritura sono stati identificati mediante (a) la fenotipizzazione di 13 linee di barbabietola da zucchero in semina autunnale, (b) il restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing della linea con la percentuale di prefioritura più bassa, (c) l’analisi genome-wide association (GWAS) per identificare alleli associati con la tendenza alla prefioritura e (d) la validazione dei marcatori identificati utilizzando metodi di genotipizzazione di linee e varietà di barbabietola da zucchero. Nel secondo contributo, l'obiettivo è stato quello di correlare l'abbondanza di specie batteriche endofitiche come fattore predittivo con la suscettibilità o resistenza alla Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) allo scopo di supportare i programmi di miglioramento genetico della barbabietola da zucchero. A tal fine, è stato analizzato il contenuto endofitico batterico della barbabietola marittima, il progenitore selvatico della barbabietola da zucchero, utilizzando individui CLS-sintomatici e sintomatici per il sequenziamento del gene rRNA 16s. Nel terzo contributo riportiamo l’identificazione e la validazione di un marcatore molecolare associato alla resistenza alla Rhizoctonia. In primo luogo, abbiamo effettuato il restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing di materiali di barbabietola da zucchero dotati di diversi livelli di resistenza/suscettibilità alla Rhizoctonia. Successivamente, l'analisi bioinformatica dei dati di sequenziamento ha portato all'identificazione di loci associati alla resistenza alla Rhizoctonia.
Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches for Marker-Assisted Selection in Beta vulgaris L / Ravi, Samathmika. - (2022 Mar 04).
Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches for Marker-Assisted Selection in Beta vulgaris L.
RAVI, SAMATHMIKA
2022
Abstract
The main aim of this thesis was to integrate phenotypes and genomic DNA sequencing data using innovative bioinformatics pipelines to identify molecular markers associated with resistance to bolting, Cercospora beticola, and Rhizoctonia solani in Beta vulgaris L. The selected markers were further validated using molecular biology approaches. The introduction of the thesis covers the origin and domestication of sugar beets, and a briefing on breeding perspectives of resistance to (i) bolting, (ii) Cercospora, and (iii) Rhizoctonia. In the first contribution of the thesis, molecular markers associated with bolting resistance were identified by (a) phenotyping 13 sugar beet lines after autumnal sowing, (b) restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of the line with the lowest bolting percentage, (c) establishing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify favourable alleles related to low bolting tendency, and (d) validating the identified molecular markers using genotyping methods on sugar beet lines and varieties. In the second contribution, the goal was to correlate endophytic bacterial abundance as a predictive factor associated with susceptibility or resistance to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) with the purpose to exclusively assist selection in sugar beet breeding programs. To achieve this, the bacterial endophytic content of sea beet, the wild progenitor of sugar beet was analysed including both CLS-symptomatic and symptomatic individuals using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. In the third contribution, we report the discovery and validation of a molecular marker associated with Rhizoctonia resistance. Firstly, we carried out restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of sugar beet materials with different degrees of resistance/susceptibility to Rhizoctonia. Subsequently, the bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing data resulted in the identification of loci associated with Rhizoctonia resistance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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PhDThesis_SamathmikaRavi_28Nov_Revised_RevPS_2.pdf
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