Coaching Effectiveness in Performance Measurement and Management: An Exploratory Review in the Industry 4.0 Era

In the Industry 4.0 era, the development of digital technologies and the digitalization of firms are rapidly evolving trends. While significant attention has been devoted to technological issues, scholars and practitioners are also emphasizing the essential role of managerial practices and employee engagement in enhancing performance. Under this trend, research on the effectiveness of coaching interventions in improving organizational performance has also increased. Our study reveals that coaching research has undergone a shift in focus from the perspective of the coach to the coachee and from individual performance to organizational effects. Moreover, the findings emphasize that coaching research is increasingly focusing on performance management practices to enhance employee engagement and performance.