Association of Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Small for Gestational Age Status with Childhood Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Importance: The magnitude of the association of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) status with cognitive outcomes in preterm and term-born children has not been established. Objective: To examine cognitive outcomes of preterm and term-born children who had IUGR and were SGA compared with children who were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) during the first 12 years of life. Data Sources: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, PsycInfo, and ERIC databases were searched for English-language, peer-reviewed literature published between January 1, 2000, and February 20, 2020. The following Medical Subject Heading terms for IUGR and SGA and cognitive outcomes were used: intrauterine growth restriction, intrauterine growth retardation, small for gestational age AND neurodevelopment, neurodevelopmental outcome, developmental outcomes, and cognitive development. Study Selection: Inclusion crite...