Single versus multiple horticultural operations with GNSS assisted steering

In the recent years the increasing implementation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) hasgreatly enhanced the ability of farmers to apply precision management approaches. Many research studies demonstrate how such technologies can bring great benefits to extensive agriculture and viticulture, while specific studies are still lacking in the case of horticultural crops. The aim of the present work is to make a comparison on the performances of single and multiple operations carried out using manual and assisted steering. The experimental study was carried out in an 8 ha area, planted with watermelon and pumpkin. Specifically bed formers, mulching machines and seed drills were analyzed, considering three different approaches: single operations, semi-combined operations and fully combined operations. Data were collected on direct and indirect costs, operation times and working capacity.