Long-term prognostic value of coronary flow reserve in psoriasis patients

Background and aims: Psoriasis affects more than 3% of the general population and is associated with an increased risk of premature cardiovascular events and death. We assessed the prognostic role of coronary flow reserve (CFR) as a marker of coronary microvascular function in psoriasis patients asymptomatic for cardiovascular disease. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 153 prospectively collected patients affected by psoriasis (123 male; age 36 ± 8 years) without cardiovascular disease. CFR in the left anterior descending coronary artery was detected by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, at rest, and during adenosine infusion. CFR was the ratio of hyperemic to resting diastolic flow velocity. CFR ≤2.5 was the cut off to define the presence of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). Results: CMD was present in 23 patients (15%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CMD was associated with severe psoriasis (OR 3.1, p = 0.03), psoriatic arthritis (OR 2.9, p = 0.03), hypertension (OR 4.1, p = 0.009), and time elapsing since psoriasis diagnosis >6 years (OR 1.9, p = 0.03). Patients with CFR ≤2.5 had a lower survival free from events (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In psoriasis patients, CFR may be a reliable prognostic marker for cardiovascular event-free survival and may help identify patients at higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications. Whether novel biologic therapies able to reduce skin disease will improve CMD and prognosis in these patients needs to be further studied, prospectively.