[Transperineal TRUS-guided prostate biopsy.]

Prostate biopsy can be performed through different approaches, with several differences in patient preparation, procedural technique and post-biopsy patient management. On the basis of our personal experience, and comparing it with literature data, this paper presents our data reviews regarding enema and antibiotic prophylaxis administration, biopsy technique, prostate sampling, core pathological management and post-operative management. We also provide a possible standardization of these procedures in patients undergoing transperineal TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. We accordingly classify antibiotic prophylaxis and bowel preparation as optional/advisable, ultrasound prostate examination before biopsy and local anaesthesia as recommended. Prostate sampling should be performed with at least 8 cores, to be increased proportionally to prostate volume. Each sample should be sent to the pathologist in single containers, according to the pre-embedding sandwich method. Finally, the patient should be evaluated for early complications before discharging, and for delayed complications within one month after the procedure.